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・ Blackadder (clipper)
・ Black-shouldered cicadabird
・ Black-shouldered kite
・ Black-shouldered nightjar
・ Black-shouldered opossum
・ Black-sided
・ Black-sided flowerpecker
・ Black-sided hawkfish
・ Black-sided robin
・ Black-spectacled brush finch
・ Black-spined Atlantic tree-rat
・ Black-spot goatfish
・ Black-spotted barbet
・ Black-spotted bare-eye
・ Black-spotted casque-headed tree frog
Black-spotted cuscus
・ Black-spotted false shieldback
・ Black-spotted leaf-toed gecko
・ Black-spotted newt
・ Black-spotted parrotfish
・ Black-spotted ridge-tailed monitor
・ Black-spotted sticky frog
・ Black-spotted whipray
・ Black-streaked
・ Black-streaked puffbird
・ Black-streaked scimitar babbler
・ Black-stripe
・ Black-stripe minnow
・ Black-striped capuchin
・ Black-striped mussel


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Black-spotted cuscus : ウィキペディア英語版
Black-spotted cuscus

The black-spotted cuscus (''Spilocuscus rufoniger'') is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. It is among the largest members of the family, only being surpassed by the bear cuscus. It is a relatively colourful species found in forests of northern New Guinea.〔 It is threatened by hunting and habitat loss, and has already disappeared from large parts of its range. Consequently, it is rated as Critically Endangered by IUCN.〔
==Evolution & History==
The Phalangeridae family originated from the Australian rainforests by the early Miocene epoch. Since then, cuscuses have successfully diversified from the Phalangerids. Current research has indicated that the Trichosurini (possums) separated from the cuscuses that comprised the extant Phalangerids approximately 23 to 29 million years ago. This split supports the surfacing of Sulawesi and New Guinea. The emergence of these land masses implies that the ancestors of the cuscuses traveled to the New Guinea region that appeared while the Trichosurini stayed in Australia. Shortly after this event, around 19 to 24 million years ago, the cuscuses divided into two groups. The first group consists of ''Ailurops'' and ''Strigocuscus celebensis'', and the second consists of ''Phalanger'' and ''Spilocuscus'', which currently has five species remaining. Out of these five, three are endangered, with ''Spilocuscus rufoniger'' being one of them.〔Evolutionary Distinct & Globally Endangered (2010).〕
There is a masseteric process present in ''Spilocuscus rufoniger'', which is unique to marsupials. There are also inflated frontal sinuses present in the species, which is thought to be a derived characteristic within the Phalangeridae family. Thus, certain distinct features of the black-spotted cuscuses allow them to be classified them as marsupials in the Phalangeridae family.〔Wroe, S., Brammall, J., & Cooke, B.N. 1998.〕

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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